Overview of Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum

Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum is located in the county seat of the Provisional hit east 5 km, about 37 kilometers away from Xi'an, Li Shan South Hill, bounded by the Wei-shui. Why here in this election? Some people think that this ancient superstition and feng shui can not be separated from the treasure. In recent years, geologists based on satellite photographs to see the picture: Hill proud to work like one-stop Hua Shan, Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum is located in the leading position of the eyes. It is well known that since ancient times, "finishing touch" that the ancients in the end is a "vision" of skills, or modern people will be attached to heavy winds, was also a time for sure. Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum similar to a square, flat top, stepped back slightly, 76 meters high, 345 meters from east to west and 350 meters wide north-south, an area of 120,750 square meters. According to the preliminary study, and the cemetery outside the city since the beginning of the two parts of the city. Inside the city was a square, the circumference of 3,000 meters or so, there are 2 North Wall, East, West, South 3 have a wall. Outside the city were rectangular, 6,200-meter perimeter, four sites have a door. Inside and outside the city between the funeral Ma Hang, Hang rare birds and animals, pottery barrels pit; hills outside the pit stables, who martyrdom pit, pit prison, Xiu Ling burial more than 400 staff, and the wide range of 56.25 square kilometers . Underground mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor coffin is placed. Since 1974, the cemetery in the East found 1.5 kilometers from the terracotta warriors and horses buried in three pits, finished shaped arrangement, a total area of 20,000 square meters or more barrels of pottery unearthed in 8000, Baicheng, as well as tens of thousands of vehicles and weapons, such as in-kind pieces of cultural relics . One of them pit to bury a real person and real horse with a big Bai Tao, Ma Tao, about 6000; a second pit Tao barrels, more than 1,300 pieces of pottery horse and chariot 89; gladiators on the 3rd hole 68 a barrel, war A car, Ma Tao 4. In 1980 in the west side of the cemetery unearthed a large bronze chariots and horsemen by 2. This group of high-Tong Juma painting cars and security vehicles, is by far the largest body found in China, the most ornate decoration, structure and the Department of driving the most realistic and most complete ancient Tong Juma, as the "crown of bronze." In addition to the Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum from the mass grave, discovered the ruins of stone processing, architectural relics of Grievances anvil, Zhu Chu, W, chiropractors, Wadang, water stone, pottery, and other waterways. Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum scale can be seen, however, Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum has designed a blueprint for it? According to historical records said, "so that the water will be the world with Sri Lankan criminal who only 720,000 people for Li Ling, in order to chisel constitution", Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum of the construction is not arbitrary, and must be designed to create a map in a planned way, looking back Ancient imperial tomb construction is not hard to imagine the history of the association. Specific blueprint for how to design, is still under study. Who presided over the construction of the Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum of it? It is estimated that less government is in charge of construction, the mausoleum of the country when its management. Of course, the top management of superior or Nature, Nature Riliwanji only by a small office just for specific operations. However, there is a problem, it is less a government official is named after the reunification of the Qin Dynasty, in a unified position before any of this Wucongkaozheng, but regardless of whether or not, certainly there is a specialized agency of the civil court building. As for the name, pending further research. Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum how deep? "Qin Shi Huang Shih-chi of this discipline," said the "wearing three-chuen." "Chinese books" in the description of Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum has "very deep" and "not very deep" words. It was of the view that the underground palace is not shallow or deep, in the book referred to the "three-chuen," Wu Waihu is often referred to "heaven" and the like. According to the "Lu Spring and Autumn Annals": "Yang's fox is shallow, deep in the springs and then", that is, to the deepest springs. In ancient times because of technical limitations, to be under construction in the spring is not easy for, and if the water table at the palace, the long-term water infiltration, will make a palace from "Baptist" harm, and the imperial tombs of Qin Shi Huang's designers can not With that in mind. All this, of course, but speculated that the specific circumstances, is not known. Underground palace was to place the coffin and buried artifacts, for building the core of the imperial tombs of the Qin. Issues relating to location of the underground palace has always been different. History, "the old Chinese instrument" for a book on the depth of the underground palace of Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum: 210 BC, the Qin Shi Huang report to the prime minister Li Si, with its 72 million people in Lishan construction of the tomb had been dug very deep, it seems By the end of the same land. Hearing the First Qin Emperor, ordered the "re-Baizhang next to the line and even three." "Three Baizhang next to the line" so that the location of the underground palace is even more confusing. Folk legends have in the underground palace in the mountains Li, Li was also among the Qinling Mountains and a tunnel, cloudy every time it rains, underground passage in the "Yin Bing," Renhuanmajiao, there was quite a crowd. It is reported that, according to archaeologists made a lot of study of this legend, but has been unable to find the legendary underground passage. "We used remote sensing and geophysical methods were carried out to detect, in fact, in the underground palace on the mound under seal." Paragraph-ha, large-scale closure of the underground palace at the top of Taiwan and around the mound below the distance to 35 meters deep plane, from east to west 170 meters, 145 meters wide north-south, and the principal were rectangular-shaped tomb. Tomb is located in the central palace, 15 meters high, equivalent to the size of a standard football field. Coal Board in aerial survey of Remote Sensing Application Research Institute of Remote Sensing environmental engineer Zhou Xiaohu reporters to talk about an interesting phenomenon: early January this year, Qin Shi Huang hill the temperature drops 12 degrees below zero, Feng Tu heap of pomegranate trees normally bear fruit, and in Fengtu South heap outside the wall of the pomegranate tree damage is severe, does not bear fruit, the difference was particularly evident. "Outside the wall without the disturbance of the soil, and the closure of the mound of soil structure and water content have been changed, because there are underground palace walls, which makes the soil temperature is relatively high, resulting in differences in plant growth." Zhou Xiaohu Said. During the exploration, the researchers found that the seal around the tomb under the mound there is a small circle of very thick Rammed earth wall, the so-called wall. Validated, the wall is about 168 meters east, north-south 141 meters, 16 meters wide wall, 22 meters wide north wall. "In the construction of the wall's construction, in order to lay a solid foundation with soil testing whether the wall hard work will stand in the distance with bow and arrow shooting the wall, if it can be inserted into the wall arrow, the wall must be repaired down the reconstruction." Paragraph-ha said that the wall is by thin multi-layer soil from solid, each about 5-6 centimeters thick, strong and very sophisticated. "We exceeded the expectations that the wall even higher than the top of the Qin Dynasty at the time of a lot of ground, the downward until Fengtu is under 33 meters, the entire wall about 30 meters high, very spectacular!" In the inside walls, research The officers also found a stone wall. Paragraph-ha said that according to the survey, found that the tomb is no indoor water, and the entire tomb has not collapsed. "Guanzhong in the history of the region have been subjected to more than 8 earthquake, and the mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang room was intact, with a solid wall is closely related to the degree!" "This wall is an unprecedented discovery! This new form of burial can be referred to as' Qinling-'. Qinling-wall of the tomb of ancient Chinese system of research can serve a useful role in promoting, and now have no way of knowing." Paragraph-ha said. In addition to the wall, the researchers found that in the Qinling around on the ground floor there is large-scale drainage of the resistance. Paragraph-ha said that the resistance km-long drainage is the wall, 17 meters thick at the bottom by the strong water-proof clearance rammed into a cement paste, from the upper 84 meters of loess rammed into a wide-scale people Hard to imagine. "Resistance drains very clever design. Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum of low-lying south-east high in the northwest, the gap up to 85 meters, stop and drainage is blocked by high water to low-permeability, the effective protection of the tomb was not flooding." Ha said that paragraph, "Historical Records" record "to wear the three-chuen", "three" is in fact over a few months, in fact, should be referring to the problems encountered in the construction of the water, so stop the construction of the drainage. Ha funny paragraph: "Qin is so smart, is the construction of Beijing's National Grand Theater, is also in accordance with this solution to the problem of flooding."