2008年12月12日星期五

emperor qinshihuang's mausoleum and terra-cotta warriors and horses


Terracotta warriors and horses combine to make more use of mold made of the method, the first pottery made in the early fetal model is then covered with a thin layer of soil for processing color depiction increase, followed by burning some first, some take longer to burn, the temperature uniform, pure color, hardness is High. Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shi Huang as a whole immense style, fitness, Xi Lian. If you look closely, face, hair, body and spirit are different from QIN can be seen from different areas have different ethnic, character are not the same. Ma Tao erect ears, and some ask for a favor neighing, and some shut up vigil. All of these are full of Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shi Huang's impressive artistic charm. Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum is located 30 kilometers away from Xi'an's Lintong county, east of the foot of Lishan. According to historical records: the First Qin Emperor Ying Zheng from the 13-year-old on the throne when it began construction on the cemetery, chaired by the prime minister Li Si Planning and Design, General Zhang Han supervision, as long as 38 years to build the project's scale, breadth of the grand, a history of feudal rule Who Houzang luxury of a precedent. At that time, the Qin Dynasty of the total population of about 20,000,000, and the hills to build a detention of 72 million. Xiu Ling home soil, this cemetery from 2000 meters to the south of the village of Liu's three counties to the Department quarries, a high 5 to 25 meters of multi-level loess cliff. Xiu cemetery used by a large number of stone taken from the Hebei Wei Zhong Shan, Jun Asan, entirely human shipped to Lintong, works very hard. Can imagine the amount of work, Zhong Shan, Jun Asan under the corpse into a film, the side shows the brutality of the whole project. It also referred to as "the world's eight major miracle," one of them! Ling Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum land mass graves 43 meters high, the base circumference of 1,700 meters, both inside and outside of buildings which have two compactor wall, a symbol of the Imperial City and the capital of Miyagi. Slightly in the city square, the circumference of 3890 meters, with the exception of the two opened the door to the north, and the remaining three sides to open an all. Outside the city for the rectangular, perimeter 6294 meters, surrounded by an all-opened. Ling location of the graves in the cemetery in the south. Qin Shi Huang Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum of the pit is Peizang Keng, the cemetery is located on the eastern side of l 500 meters. The past, there is a cemetery, the gravedigger at the local farmers had found human beings. In March 1974, in the hills east of the West Yangcun drought villagers digging at the grave of the Three Mile east of the village and the next five villages between the refuse and found that large-scale pit Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum, the archaeologists discovered, It will open a buried in the ground floor of more than 2,000 years ago treasures Terracotta. Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shi Huang Pei Zangkeng ride west to east, sankeng goods were arranged in shape. I first discovered the hole figurines, were rectangular, 230 meters from east to west, 62 meters wide north-south, about 5 meters deep, with a total area of 14,260 square meters, there are slopes on all sides Road, both sides also have a terracotta warriors and horses pits, now known as Two pit and on the 3rd hole. Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shi Huang Pei Zangkeng, is the world's largest underground military museum. Hang figurines rational layout, the structure of strange, about 5 meters deep at the bottom of every 3 meters set up an east-west of the load-bearing walls, terracotta warriors and horses arranged in the gap between the wall over the hole. One in the pit warrior figurines have been unearthed more than 500 pieces, combat vehicles by 6, 24 horse driving, and bronze sword, Wu hooks, spears, arrows, Nu Ji, Ji copper used in actual combat, such as bronze and iron weapons . Hang figurines at the eastern end of 210 people with high-warrior figurines of pottery, facial expression, clothing style, hairstyle vary, all life, life-like shape, horizontal line 3 team, out of every 70 people, in addition to 3 leader Wearing a pin, the other Chuanduan are brown, legs legging bar, with the Department of Lu-line, fat-free helmet beam, arch draft destroyed arrows, Nuji hand, may start the stand-by troops forward. Since then, is a 6000 suit of armor figurines of the main components of the force, each holding about 3 meters spears, Ge, Ji weapons, and so long, with 35 tanks by Si Ma interval in 11 holes over the east-west, line up 38 of the Road column. North-South and on both sides of the two ends, each with a warrior figurines, appears to guard to prevent the attack side of the tail. The team line-up neat, well-equipped, majestic, magnificent, is a mighty army of Qin Shi Huang was the art of reproduction, with a strong artistic appeal. One is located on the 2nd hole of the pit in the northeastern part of the eastern side of the pit and on the 3rd, the colt was square-shaped, 96 meters from east to west, north-south width of 84 meters and a total area of about 6000 square meters. One pit and pit construction, but more complex exercises, a more complete arms, 3 pit is the most spectacular array of forces. Two pit has 17,000 square meters of exhibition hall, is currently China's largest and most comprehensive modernization of the Office of display sites. Museum of Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Yuan-long official explained: "On the one hand, in order to better protect cultural relics, and secondly because the whole array of all the military cleared the ground, at least 5 to 7 years of effort. This has the advantage of tourists II can visit to the pit of the local style, in front of your eyes on the 2nd hole of the excavation work. "According to initial projections, a pottery figurine on the 2nd hole more than 1300 pieces of pottery horse and chariot than 80 vehicles, tens of thousands of bronze weapons , Of which General figurines, horse figurines, figurines shot kneeling position for the first time. Two pit east and west slopes at either end 4 Road, the north side of the slope 2 Road, Hang figurines sit east to the west, in the main entrance to the east. Pit layout is divided into 4 units. The first unit, located at the eastern end of pit figurines, a promenade around the vertical string of 60 figurines, the array of eight road east from the heart of the 160-string kneeling squat figurines composition. String array to take in the array Provision Zhang, Li, the shooting took turns kneeling down to indemnify crossbow Zhang slow in danger. The second unit, located on the right side of the pit figurines from vehicles by 64 square composition of the (Department of wooden cars, leaving only ruins). 8 out of every take, a total of 8. Cart before the horse really have a drive-sized Ma Tao 4. Every word order soldiers after the car figurines 3, Royal hand for the horse bridle and the other two remain and the car left the right car, armed with long-handled weapons. The third unit, located in Central, by 19 tanks, 264 infantry and figurines 8 Knight figurines composed of a rectangular array, is divided into 3. Each horse before the legislation of a knight figurines, single-handedly led by Ma Jiang, for single-handedly pull bow. In addition to the car after every three cars with disabilities, also has 8 to 36 infantry figurines. The fourth unit, the Army is located in the left side of the array, 108 Cavaliers 180 pottery figurines and horse figurines line 11 Cross team, composed of a rectangular array Cavalry. 1, 3 of which as a 6 combat vehicles. Each horse, Li Hu Fu figurines of a knight, the horse right hand, left hand draw. On the 3rd hole at the western end of one pit 25 meters, an area of about 520 square meters, was concave shape. One chariots in front by, there are 68 samurai figurines. 3 from the hole layout, appears to General Command, commander of the left and right, in the three armed services, not only just completed. There are no pit on the 4th hole figurines, only the backfill soil. 2 from the hole layout and Zhenfa, on the 2nd hole formation complex, complete arms, is against the backbone. This method of grouping in the Bingshu called on the "big package array array of small and large business small package business, even off the hook even, relatively bending." "The Art of War Sun Bin," said: "riding in the war and, three, Is a right, one is left, then easily more than its car insurance is more riding on its anti-Canton is the crossbow, "an organic combination of all three can Baizhanbudai. The second hole is the theory of ancient military strategist illustrations. Terracotta weapons unearthed from the pit of the year engraved in mind, the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shi Huang from the mass grave was built before and after the reunification of China. Qin Shi Huang by virtue of his "no cloud motion of wielding a sword," and "Western riding group was" the ability to eliminate the six countries, ClickTracks. Reflect the Qin Dynasty Terracotta Warriors and Horses of the best players together and available, dominated the momentum. After the death of the First Qin Emperor, Qin Hu Hai, following II, A Fanggong continue to overhaul and relaxation, corvee taxes more onerous than before, which led to large farmers uprising. In such form, on the 3rd hole halfway break, put on the 4th hole less than terracotta warriors and horses, fill in a hurry to die. Excavation found traces of the House, may be related to King Chu entry A Fanggong fire related. In 1961, the State Council, People's Republic of China will be the National Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum as a key cultural relics protection units. In 1987, the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum and the pit was included in the ratification of the UNESCO "World Heritage List." One of Terracotta Warriors and Horses in the pit at the site of the arch built exhibition hall, has set up a "Museum of Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum", to the vast numbers of Chinese and foreign tourists and opening up. May 8, 2007, the Museum of Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shi Huang in Xi'an by the National Tourism Administration approval for the state 5A-class tourist attractions. Changed in that magnificent army of terracotta warriors and horses have been quiet array of the Millennium. The twentieth century, generations of archaeologists to explore the tireless, full of ancient terracotta warriors and horses of a new life, to a new glory. A total of more than 8,000 terracotta warriors and horses, much more ambitious scale. Terracotta Warrior Museum in Xi'an is located 37 km away from the Lintong county, east and south Lishan Hill, bounded by the Wei-shui, the great momentum that is the focus of the national heritage of the unit. On the eve of liberation, Jiao village farmers and the two knees dug the first tile, clay sculpture, like the Buddha, Xinfo farmers specially-built Tu Demiao worship. In 1974, West Yangcun members of the wells, they found a round lip of the pottery. And then go on digging, is a real "Wapen God", pottery figurine of the legislation in the upper part of the body, that the farmers can not dig water, is the "Wapen God", then, it should be hung up. Soil and Water Conservation staff arrived at the Lintong Museum, asking them to identify. They also do not know, it took to the temporary museum, but also stick up debris, spent more than two months to repair and a pottery figurine of the three, but did not report to higher authorities. Journalists have discovered this, wrote a "reference", proposed the attention of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage, the matter has been the leader of the party and the state's attention. After that, in Shaanxi Province by the Organization of archaeological excavation team sent to the scene after several years of development, The Rock! The Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shi Huang dig out, opened a new chapter in the history of archeology. In 1974, Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum in the East found that the terracotta warriors and horses buried with the dead three large pits, and one after another to explore for and protection of the hall. Three-shaped hole finished with a total area of 22,780 square meters, the pit and really put people in general Ma Tao-sized pottery figurine of about 7,400 pieces. Hang three were named as the first, second, the terracotta warriors and horses on the 3rd hole. One the biggest hole, hole 5 meters deep, covering an area of 14,260 square meters, the pit has more than 6,000 people Tao Tao Ma, the square ring arranged in an orderly manner. The eastern end of the pit there are 3 horizontal warrior figurines, hand Gongnu type of long-range weapons, like forward for the troops, followed by 6000 armor figurines of the main components of the force, holding spears, Ge Ji weapons, and so long, with 35 by Ma Si Vehicles in 11 holes have been arranged in 38 columns of the way. North and South wings of the guard force. Two terracotta warriors and horses pits colt was flat-shaped, with an area of 6000 square meters, is sitting east of the West, by the cavalry, infantry, tanks and mixed string of large-scale military grouping array. Can be divided into square string figurines, Ma Si-square tanks, infantry vehicles, figurines mixed long cavalry square, square cavalry figurines of the four relatively independent units. A total of pottery figurine of the 1,300 pieces of pottery horse and chariot more than 80 vehicles and a large number of metal weapons. Three terracotta warriors and horses pits plane was concave shape, with an area of about 520 square meters, with one or two pit is an organic whole, the Commission appears to be the headquarters of the three services division, unearthed pottery figurine of 68 and 4 Ma 1 car. Museum of Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shi Huang, China's largest ancient military museum. Figurines by the Front to explore the outside world after a sensation in the world. In 1978, former French Prime Minister Jacques Chirac after the visit, said: "With the world's Seven Wonders, the Terracotta found that the G-8 can be said to be a miracle. Do not look at the pyramid, not to Egypt, without looking at Terracotta, not to China. "Terracotta from the eighth-largest in the world as a miracle." In 1974 in Lintong County, Shaanxi Province of the West Yangcun found a pottery figurine and underground construction, which is located on the eastern side of Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum kilometers 1. This is the shock of the World , Referred to as "the world's eighth largest miracle" of the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Ling. A total of Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Ling 3 terracotta warriors and horses pits, the goods were arranged in shape. One pit for infantry troops, 230 meters from east to west, 62 meters wide north-south, about 5 meters deep, has an area of 14,220 meters, was a farmer when they dug the wells. Colt was second pit-shaped, with an area of 5,000 m 2, by cavalry, and infantry fighting vehicles (including string) composed of many branches of special forces. Three pit was concave shape, with an area of 520 m 2, appears to be a commander in chief, on the 2nd hole of command. There are three pits 7,000 pieces of pottery figurine, by more than 100 tanks, more than 400 horses and several Ma Tao 100,000 weapons. Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses of great scenes, majestic, orderly queue, demonstrated the preparation of the Qin, ancient weapons and war equipment Zhenfa. Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses of all simulation, made of real horse. Pottery figurine stands 1.75 meters to 1.95 meters, according to Qin to shape the image of the officers and men, burly physique, body symmetry. Pottery figurine also by the different branches of the armed forces into figurines infantry, cavalry figurines, vehicles soldier figurines, Gong Nushou, such as figurines, General. Infantry figurines dressed in uniform, destroyed the back bow and arrow; Cavalry figurines holding a majority of Xinjiang's chairs, armed with a bow and arrow, dressed in a short, tight trousers mouth, long enough to push reunification riding boots, ready to start fighting; car figurines soldiers and a horseman Two non-commissioned officers, equestrian center, the control tanks, non-commissioned officers out at 2 tanks to protect the horseman; Zhang Gong Gong Nushou Dajian, staring in front of, or in the standing position, or in the kneeling position; figurines general air of calm, to show Cold is not scared of the general demeanor. Ma Tao 1.5 meters high, 2 meters long, strong build and body shape, muscle fullness, stands head and mane flying hours, the expression of alertness agile, horses are horses such as Mercedes-Benz horse on the battlefield. All this shows the whole world Wei Qin Shi Huang, Tongyiliuguo the grand military capacity, a high-performance plastic arts, is the world's unique cultural and artistic treasure house. In 1961, the State Council, People's Republic of China will be the National Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum as a key cultural relics protection units. In 1987, the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum and the pit was included in the ratification of the UNESCO "World Heritage List." One of Terracotta Warriors and Horses in the pit at the site of the arch built exhibition hall, has set up a "Museum of Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum", to the vast numbers of Chinese and foreign tourists and opening up.

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